CERVICAL CANCER

Long-term scientific research and medical practice has been recognized, cervical cancer is transmitted through sexual life of a disease. Its incidence of the following four factors are closely related:

(1) women's cervix recurring inflammation, erosion, leukoplakia, polyps and vaginal trichomoniasis, mold and other factors;
(2) male genitalia have long foreskin and the existence 20/48;
3. Male or female sexual partners over the life history;
(4) female reproductive system infection history, in particular the high-risk HPV infection are continuing.

The incidence of cervical cancer model: D cervical erosion of low D squamous intraepithelial lesions moderate squamous intraepithelial lesions D highly squamous intraepithelial lesions → minimal invasive carcinoma DCIS → → invasive carcinoma

Cervical cancer is the second only to breast cancer in women in the world's second most common malignancy, women accounted for more than half of genital cancer, 95% for squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of around 4%, there are other sarcoma, lymphoma, malignant melanoma and other. World cervical cancer incidence varies widely in developing countries, particularly in Central America, South America, Southeast Asia, India, Eastern Europe and the higher incidence. A conservative approach to sex countries such as Spain, Ireland, Kuwait and Israel, the incidence of cervical cancer was low. The incidence rate is the lowest in Australia, New Zealand, Southern Europe, North America and the Middle East. According to reports, in the new world of cervical cancer each year 46.5 million people die each year more than 200,000 people.

Also known as endometrial carcinoma of uterine cancer, endometrial cancer. Its high for the age 58 to 61 years, women accounted for 7% of the total cancer, cancer of the female reproductive tract for 20% to 30%, with higher incidence of low cure rate and advanced features. The following are some possible to endometrial cancer factors, hope to draw attention.

Cervical cancer treatment principle is to improve the survival rate of patients, but also improve their quality of life. The trend is for the integrated use of various kinds of treatment. The main treatment for cervical cancer surgery, radiotherapy, or surgery plus radiation therapy, supplemented by chemotherapy. Early surgical treatment of patients with mainly advanced with radiotherapy for patients with early surgery should not also use radiotherapy. In recent years, both at home and abroad to chemotherapy or radiotherapy as a surgical adjuvant therapy, and achieved certain effects.

According to history and clinical performance, especially with bleeding, should first think of a possible cervical cancer, should do a detailed body check and gynecological examinations, and the following examinations:

(1) scratch cervical cytology screening is found early cervical lesions and early cervical cancer main methods. But attention to the correct location and examination material carefully, 5% ~ 10% false negative rate, it should be combined with clinical, and periodic examinations, screening for this method.

(1) tumor marker

A cervical cancer after brachytherapy for the care of women <BR> Cervical cancer is the most common genital tumors, but also the threat of an important women's health diseases, and radiation therapy of cervical cancer is the primary means of intracavitary radiation therapy after loading including radiotherapy and radiotherapy treatment. After loading radiotherapy is the first non-radioactive sources at the treatment site for containers, and then into containers for radioactive sources, such treatment can be avoided placing containers in the process of medical personnel from unnecessary exposure. Hospital miniature remote control using high-intensity installed after the Iridium-192 source, a computer operating system and the treatment plan <BR> machine control system, the movement of computer-controlled stepper motor implementation of the 18 channels can be treated, can be intraluminal brachytherapy, the treatment of pipeline Interstitial Brachytherapy and radiation, safe, it is within the locks, risks, and analog sources, the police, emergency retreat of UPS systems to machine safety performance and the safety of staff is guaranteed. According to the hospital after brachytherapy for Nursing described below.
A clinical information <BR> May 1996 to December 2003, we treated 516 cases of cervical cancer patients, the oldest 72 years old and the youngest 27 years old, 40 to 55 age group accounted for 65% of the total number of patients.
Two nursing <BR> 2.1 before treatment care <BR> 2.1.1 psychological care for the psychological care of patients often play an important role in cervical cancer patients with more complex psychological, fear, anxiety, was afraid of the pain, fear of long-term illness pack Grinding abandoned by their husbands, and even some fear death, have strong desire to survive and look forward to receiving treatment after lift or ease the symptoms, or even cure, extend life, we should take the initiative solicitude and care of patients on treatment to the patients as well as the current situation in the cause of tumor development, and inform their tumors not horrible, many patients can be cured through treatment, to put aside ideological burden, and enlighten patients face reality, the correct treatment of disease, elimination of fear and anxiety the patient's psychological and enhance the confidence to overcome the disease.
2.1.2 General Care (1) nurses should help doctors to the patients and their families understand the disease and patients to the attention of the relevant divisions to achieve understanding and cooperation, asking for half an hour before emptying incontinent patients. (2) Single pathology report, the results of the implementation of the malignancy, check whether the blood (WBC no less than 3.5g / L, platelet not less than 100 g / L). (3) measurement of blood pressure and body temperature, blood pressure may not be less than 13.33/9.33kPa, body temperature higher than 37.5 ° C intrauterine not radiotherapy, not higher than 38 ° C for the vagina. (4) Operation of the room used for: a disinfection kits, the contents (a curved set, a round Cup, an oval pliers, bend a pair of pliers, expansion of an overcast, a hole towel, paraffin oil a small cotton, the cotton Iodophor 3), by another dry gauze one, gauze, cotton and Purpose of probe, vaginal mold, plastic sheets and other. (5) for the treatment of the front trousers, supporting the patient bed to prevent falls, take lithotomy position, shop towel disinfection perineal hole with expansion of Yin fully exposed vagina and uterus. (6) To assist doctors and cervical and vaginal fornix of supplying operation, supplying Used gauze packing, and then tape fixed to prevent shedding. Infection such as cervical discharge, 3% hydrogen peroxide for three to four cotton scrub. (7) Room to send patients (treatment rooms), then good for joints Jan. again on Jan. fixed for the good closure of the door and began treatment (to take over full realigned to avoid cards source).
2.2 Treatment of Care (1) could be observed via closed-circuit television in the treatment of patients, and intercoms direct dialogue with the patient, if the patient does not complain or worse may beckon, we entered the room that stands to correct the patient discomfort, to a treatment room. (2) After the treatment, red lights by greening up real source to Tank, we have entered the treatment room, with loose connections-guided brachytherapy and joints, introduced the patient treatment rooms.
Nursing 2.3 after treatment (1) completed the treatment, patients from the treatment room to room to push to help doctors and Purpose of dressing removal, and observe whether patients vaginal bleeding gauze and left. (2) a vaginal bleeding, and can be used gauze packing iodoform, and explain to patients administered by doctors removed 24 hours. (3) If no special treatment of patients after a short break, back to the wards continue to observe and supervise the patients to increase nutrition. After loading the treatment of cervical cancer care must establish a good nurse-patient relationship and psychological care, strengthen psychological patients establish the confidence to overcome the disease, and actively cooperate with the treatment, that treatment success.

A Prevention:

Prevention is a cause of prevention, the goal is to prevent the occurrence of cancer, whose mandate includes the study of cancer etiology and risk factors for the chemical, physical, biological, and other specific carcinogenic, in vitro and in vivo tumor promoter pathogenic factors and conditions, to take precautionary measures against health and the body, picking <BR> admission to strengthen environmental protection, appropriate diet, suitable for sports, to promote physical and mental health. This is a more difficult long-term task. Cervical cancer is not entirely clear cause, but known to many factors and their closely related to these factors can be controlled, such as promoting later marriage, early marriage and sex life ban disorder, family planning, strengthen sexual morality and sexual health education, active in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer and other diseases.

Experience with
1). To understand the pathogenesis of cervical cancer, take corresponding measures to promote Late marriage, family planning, cervical Shanghai women actively control the disease, tumor uphold the census work, we will be able to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Due to the early detection of tumors census pre-cancerous lesions and carcinoma in situ, the cure rate significantly effective treatment to improve, thereby reducing cervical cancer invasion and has played a significant role.

2). Chinese medicine is better for cervical cancer, especially in the early stages of cervical cancer in Chinese medicine and the main local drug Syndrome Treatment of Oral medicine secondary treatment.

An outline
Cervical cancer occurs in the cervical cancer in women.
Women in the abdominal hysterectomy is a range between the bladder and rectum, hollow organs. The uterine cervix in the second half which is a narrow part of the cervix, cervical openings on the female vagina. Its function is to menstrual outflow channel is vaginal microorganisms and air to enter the uterus of a female barrier, and also subject to sexual intercourse can withstand the induced inflammatory response.